Descripción del proyecto
Análisis de los factores personales que impulsan el populismo
El populismo siempre ha estado presente en todo el espectro político europeo. La gran pregunta tiene que ver con los factores que lo impulsan. En el proyecto EXTREME, financiado con fondos europeos, se analizará si las decisiones políticas de los ciudadanos están condicionadas por sus experiencias personales, entorno informativo e interacción con el conjunto de perturbaciones económicas. En concreto, se centrará en los factores que han llevado a votar al populista Partido de la Independencia del Reino Unido y al «Brexit». También se estudiará la resistencia al régimen nazi durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Para ello, el equipo de investigación medirá la resistencia mediante la comprobación de un conjunto de datos sobre casos de traición y bombardeo y exposición a propaganda extranjera. En el proyecto también se analizarán los factores personales que influyeron en la elección de Donald Trump en las elecciones de 2016 en los Estados Unidos.
Objetivo
In the recent years in advanced democracies there has been a wave of electoral successes of populist politicians supporting extreme messages. Is populism caused by negative economic shocks? If so, what are the mechanisms? What explains heterogeneity in responses to such shocks? In this project, I will test empirically if personal experiences, information environment, and their interaction with aggregate economic shocks shape people’s political decisions. The project consists of three parts.
First, I will study how personal employment histories, potentially affected by globalization and technological shocks, individual predispositions, and information environment influenced voting for Trump. I will use a unique database of more than 40 million resumes for the period 2010-2016, the largest available repository of resumes of job-seekers in the US, which was not previously used in academic research, and match it with zipcode-level economic and voting variables.
Second, I will study how negative social experiences during the formative years affect subsequent labor market outcomes, antisocial behavior, and the support of populist agenda. I will examine how corporal punishment in schools in UK affected subsequent educational attainment, employment, antisocial behavior, and voting for UKIP and Brexit. I will digitize archival records on regulations and practice of corporal punishment in different educational authorities in the UK during 1970-80s, combining it with contemporary outcomes.
Third, I will examine what makes people actively resist extremist regimes even when it is associated with high personal costs. I will study a historical example of resistance to Nazi regime in Germany during the WWII, which provides unique methodological opportunity to study determinants of resistance to extremism in a high stake environment. I will use a self-collected dataset on treason cases to measure resistance, combining it with data on bombing and exposure to foreign propaganda.
Ámbito científico
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitución de acogida
08002 Barcelona
España