Descripción del proyecto
Producción descentralizada y rentable de hidrógeno a partir de biogás
La producción de hidrógeno (H2) a partir de fuentes de residuos con bajas en carbono puede contribuir a descarbonizar el sistema energético de forma sostenible. El biogás generado en vertederos y por digestión anaerobia de residuos orgánicos, incluidos los lodos de depuración de aguas residuales, es una materia prima prometedora. El equipo del proyecto BIOROBURplus, financiado con fondos europeos, pretende mejorar el nivel de preparación tecnológica de un reformador con vapor oxidativo directo de biogás desarrollado en un proyecto anterior para la producción sostenible y descentralizada de H2 muy puro a partir de biogás sin eliminación previa de CO2. El objetivo del equipo es conseguir una eficiencia energética muy alta en la conversión de biogás a H2 mediante: innovaciones técnicas que conduzcan a una mayor recuperación de calor interno; la recuperación de calor tanto a presión como a baja temperatura; y la utilización de los gases de escape del proceso a fin de proporcionar el calor necesario para las dos actividades anteriores.
Objetivo
BioROBURplus builds upon the closing FCH JU BioROBUR project (direct biogas oxidative steam reformer) to develop an entire pre-commercial fuel processor delivering 50 Nm3/h (i.e. 107 kg/d) of 99.9% hydrogen from different biogas types (landfill gas, anaerobic digestion of organic wastes, anaerobic digestion of wastewater-treatment sludges) in a cost-effective manner.
The energy efficiency of biogas conversion into H2 will exceed 80% on a HHV basis, due to the following main innovations:
1) increased internal heat recovery enabling minimisation of air feed to the reformer based on structured cellular ceramics
coated with stable and easily recyclable noble metal catalysts with enhanced coking resistance; 2) a tailored pressure-temperature-swing adsorption (PTSA) capable of exploiting both pressure and low T heat recovery from the processor to
drive H2 separation from CO2 and N2; 3) a recuperative burner based on cellular ceramics capable of exploiting the low
enthalpy PTSA-off-gas to provide the heat needed at points 1 and 2 above.
The complementary innovations already developed in BioROBUR (advanced modulating air-steam feed control system for coke growth control; catalytic trap hosting WGS functionality and allowing decomposition of incomplete reforming products; etc.) will allow to fully achieve the project objectives within the stringent budget and time constraints set by the call.
Prof. Debora Fino, the coordinator of the former BioROBUR project, will manage, in an industrially-oriented perspective, the work of 11 partners with complementary expertise: 3 universities (POLITO, KIT, SUPSI), 3 research centres (IRCE, CPERI, DBI), 3 SMEs (ENGICER, HST, MET) and 2 large companies (ACEA, JM) from 7 different European Countries.
A final test campaign is foreseen at TRL 6 to prove targets achievement, catching the unique opportunity offered by ACEA to
exploit three different biogas types and heat integration with an anaerobic digester generating the biogas itself.
Ámbito científico
- engineering and technologyenvironmental biotechnologybioremediationbioreactors
- engineering and technologymaterials engineeringceramics
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energyhydrogen energy
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsenergy conversion
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
- H2020-EU.3.3. - SOCIETAL CHALLENGES - Secure, clean and efficient energy Main Programme
- H2020-EU.3.3.8.2. - Increase the energy efficiency of production of hydrogen mainly from water electrolysis and renewable sources while reducing operating and capital costs, so that the combined system of the hydrogen production and the conversion using the fuel cell system can compete with the alternatives for electricity production available on the market
Régimen de financiación
RIA - Research and Innovation actionCoordinador
10129 Torino
Italia