Descripción del proyecto
Entender el impacto del cambio climático en poblaciones de marrajos dientusos
El cambio climático es la mayor amenaza a la biodiversidad. Entender su impacto en el pasado sobre determinadas especies desempeña un papel vital para su conservación en el futuro. Las poblaciones de muchas especies de tiburones se están reduciendo, a pesar de que se sabe poco sobre sus historias genéticas y los efectos ecológicos en sus poblaciones. El proyecto DiMaS, financiado con fondos europeos, realizará análisis genómicos en restos óseos de marrajos dientusos a fin de estudiar patrones temporales y geográficos de sus poblaciones mundiales. Ello ayudará a determinar la microevolución de esta especie en peligro y predecir su futura reacción al cambio climático. El estudio puede llevar en el futuro a una investigación sobre la genómica de la población marina.
Objetivo
Understanding species responses to environmental changes is vital for conservation of biodiversity. In this respect, DNA from archived specimens represents an exclusive source of temporal genetic data. Although sharks are keystone apex predators in marine systems, there is a complete absence of temporal genetic studies for any species. DiMaS aims to investigate past and contemporary spatio-temporal patterns of effective population size (Ne), genetic diversity and population connectivity of shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus – SMA), using a comparative approach across the globe. Most shark species have experienced significant population decreases documented throughout their range, with SMA currently listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. In this project, I will use archived skeletal material (jaws, vertebrae and teeth) and an exome capture method for generating high throughput data. The data will be analysed through and eco-evolutionary framework to understand the effects of past climatic changes and anthropogenic pressures on the recent micro-evolutionary history of the species, and to predict the most likely responses to future climatic changes. In this context, DiMaS has the potential to become a seminal work in marine population genomics, as it will help describe and understand micro-evolutionary and demographic effects in marine apex species, shaped by natural and anthropogenic-induced environmental processes. In addition, by using a training-through-research approach, DiMaS will greatly contribute to strengthen my theoretical knowledge on evolutionary theory, and acquire new skills in population genomics and bioinformatics analyses. These skills, in combination with training to enhance management and supervisory/teaching competencies, will significantly contribute to my career development.
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MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinador
2800 Kongens Lyngby
Dinamarca