Periodic Reporting for period 2 - Multi-Moby (Safe, Secure, High Performing Multi-Passanger and Multi-Commercial Uses Affordable EVs)
Okres sprawozdawczy: 2022-06-01 do 2023-11-30
Multi-Moby unites and improves the work from a cluster of past European H2020 projects, and aims to develop technology for safe, efficient and affordable urban electric vehicles with numerous objectives defined to maximise the output of this project:
Develop a multi-purpose electric vehicle (EV) fleet, which incorporates the following objectives:
- Demonstrate high passive safety for vehicle occupants and vulnerable road users (VRUs), enhanced by active safety features
- Advance towards autonomous-capable vehicles, applying a step-by-step approach from advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) to conditional and full autonomy
- Implement Advanced low voltage powertrains
- Develop advanced energy storage and efficient charging at low and mid-low voltage
- Develop cost-effective powertrains and zone partitioned Electrical Electronic (EE) architecture
- Perform Road Testing
- Investigate on rapid implementation and affordability
Overall Result: The vehicle fleet was developed and all objectives of the DoA are fully met. The vehicles were able to achieve the requested performance with the 48V and 100V motorised axles.
Overall Result: All most stringent physical crash tests are passed. EURO NCAP4* was reached. This includes additional results on hybrid supercapacitors as ultra-safe type of batteries. Also the simulation campaign for the ADAS scenarios including an automated braking system for vulnerable road users was completed. The usage of the 48V motorized axles showed considerable safety benefits as according to the regulation for electrical vehicles above 60V, safety systems need to be introduced into the product.
Overall Result: The objective was fully reached according to the statements provided in the DoA. The usage of gimbals for automated EVs was experimentally tested for the first time.
Overall Result: 48V and 100V powertrains were implemented and experimentally validated. The energy efficiency and performance of both has been tested.
Overall Result: Hybrid supercapacitors were used as a sustainable and safe alternative to mainstream lithium-ion batteries. Battery packs based on power cells, pouched cells and prismatic cells implemented and tested with vehicles. The investigation of novel hybrid supercapacitor cells showed that the latest cell offerings are ultra safe and are on par with existing Li-ion technologies.
Overall Result: Road testing performed for passenger and delivery Van successfully reached all expectations.
Overall Result: Rapid implementation and affordability has been proofed by demonstration of disruptive fabrication technologies of all types of urban EVs. The 48V belt-drive if implemented in a 4WD architecture demonstrated the capability of being a real game changer with affordable and easy to integrate solutions for faster adoption of electric mobility.
Develop a multi-purpose electric vehicle (EV) fleet, which incorporates the following objectives:
- Demonstrate high passive safety for vehicle occupants and vulnerable road users (VRUs), enhanced by active safety features
- Advance towards autonomous-capable vehicles, applying a step-by-step approach from advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) to conditional and full autonomy
- Implement Advanced low voltage powertrains
- Develop advanced energy storage and efficient charging at low and mid-low voltage
- Develop cost-effective powertrains and zone partitioned Electrical Electronic (EE) architecture
- Perform Road Testing
- Investigate on rapid implementation and affordability
Overall Result: The vehicle fleet was developed and all objectives of the DoA are fully met. The vehicles were able to achieve the requested performance with the 48V and 100V motorised axles.
Overall Result: All most stringent physical crash tests are passed. EURO NCAP4* was reached. This includes additional results on hybrid supercapacitors as ultra-safe type of batteries. Also the simulation campaign for the ADAS scenarios including an automated braking system for vulnerable road users was completed. The usage of the 48V motorized axles showed considerable safety benefits as according to the regulation for electrical vehicles above 60V, safety systems need to be introduced into the product.
Overall Result: The objective was fully reached according to the statements provided in the DoA. The usage of gimbals for automated EVs was experimentally tested for the first time.
Overall Result: 48V and 100V powertrains were implemented and experimentally validated. The energy efficiency and performance of both has been tested.
Overall Result: Hybrid supercapacitors were used as a sustainable and safe alternative to mainstream lithium-ion batteries. Battery packs based on power cells, pouched cells and prismatic cells implemented and tested with vehicles. The investigation of novel hybrid supercapacitor cells showed that the latest cell offerings are ultra safe and are on par with existing Li-ion technologies.
Overall Result: Road testing performed for passenger and delivery Van successfully reached all expectations.
Overall Result: Rapid implementation and affordability has been proofed by demonstration of disruptive fabrication technologies of all types of urban EVs. The 48V belt-drive if implemented in a 4WD architecture demonstrated the capability of being a real game changer with affordable and easy to integrate solutions for faster adoption of electric mobility.
Multi-Moby has progressed well, with numerous activities and alignments towards the objectives providing outstanding results.
Prototypes of the Multi-Moby EVs have been constructed. The ambitious Euro NCAP 4-stars crash standards have been successfully met.
Structure optimisation to comply with the requirements of all the frontal and lateral impact regulations and also with more critical Euro NCAP protocols: The simulation and experimental results confirm a good structure performance for all the crash test scenarios considered.
For the VRUs’ protection, the design of the frontal was designed to prevent casualties.
The fatigue behavior shows best results. Active safety was accomplished through pre-emptive traction control and pre-emptive braking control. Both have been published in scientific papers.
The installation of gimbals allowed a comparison of LiDAR and Mobileye and the description of opportunities resulting from a combined usage of the systems.
For the energy supply a wall box was developed and tested which is now ready to use. The battery development focused on novel hybrid supercapacitor batteries in single cell solution and adapted for the vehicles.
ith regards to the motorised axle system, the cost-effective powertrain solutions were developed and adapted to the EVs. Both the mid-low voltage powertrain and low voltage powertrain with a belt motor system were provided and evaluated for mounting into the vehicle. Supply of the two inverters for front and rear e-motors has been carried out. The EE architecture has been studied and defined according to the architecture diagram.
Prototypes of the Multi-Moby EVs have been constructed. The ambitious Euro NCAP 4-stars crash standards have been successfully met.
Structure optimisation to comply with the requirements of all the frontal and lateral impact regulations and also with more critical Euro NCAP protocols: The simulation and experimental results confirm a good structure performance for all the crash test scenarios considered.
For the VRUs’ protection, the design of the frontal was designed to prevent casualties.
The fatigue behavior shows best results. Active safety was accomplished through pre-emptive traction control and pre-emptive braking control. Both have been published in scientific papers.
The installation of gimbals allowed a comparison of LiDAR and Mobileye and the description of opportunities resulting from a combined usage of the systems.
For the energy supply a wall box was developed and tested which is now ready to use. The battery development focused on novel hybrid supercapacitor batteries in single cell solution and adapted for the vehicles.
ith regards to the motorised axle system, the cost-effective powertrain solutions were developed and adapted to the EVs. Both the mid-low voltage powertrain and low voltage powertrain with a belt motor system were provided and evaluated for mounting into the vehicle. Supply of the two inverters for front and rear e-motors has been carried out. The EE architecture has been studied and defined according to the architecture diagram.
For active safety, the next steps will be an evaluation of the influence of the autonomous capabilities of the vehicles, in the safety performance of the occupants and of VRUs. In addition, the gimbals will be combined with the latest generation of ADAS devices with AI-based on-board decision-making processes and will be compared to the Mobileye system.
The zone partitioned EE architecture is intended as a Distributed Learning Framework (DLF) that allows individual autonomous vehicles to upload in real-time or on a time increment basis, their operation parameters (e.g. time of travel, captured images of obstruction, faults and operations failure modes) to a central knowledge base that can be used for continuous training of machine learning models.
In terms of the energy storage system, electrothermal stability will be addressed to assure safety, robustness and an acceptable range with good performance in all climate conditions. The next generation of hybrid supercapacitor-battery cell technology will be integrated into the vehicle. Multi-Moby will also address the optimisation of charging at low voltages, studying and promoting products capable of operating at 200V-250 V (rather than 500 V). This could also allow smaller electrical connectors more suitable for urban EVs.
The use of SiC MOSFET components to improve power conversion performance or implement system innovation is nowadays a popular scenario for many system designers. In fast DC EV charging, 1200 V SiC MOSFET technology enables shortened charging times. Compared to a silicon-based solution, output power can be doubled even with the same footprint thanks to reduced part count and 50% loss reduction, thereby also cutting charging time in half.
The final plan in Multi-Moby is to introduce robot food and medical delivery vehicles to the market one year after the completion of Multi-Moby. The gimbals for autonomous driving is expected to give a technological and price advantage that will facilitate the uptake of affordable self-driving system kits, expected to be available by 2025 at 5000€ or below. This will enable Multi-Moby to address the growing need of a reliable, affordable sensing and high-speed computational on-board platforms, to improve flexibility and optimisation of manufacturing processes and to present multi-purpose vehicles at an affordable cost.
The zone partitioned EE architecture is intended as a Distributed Learning Framework (DLF) that allows individual autonomous vehicles to upload in real-time or on a time increment basis, their operation parameters (e.g. time of travel, captured images of obstruction, faults and operations failure modes) to a central knowledge base that can be used for continuous training of machine learning models.
In terms of the energy storage system, electrothermal stability will be addressed to assure safety, robustness and an acceptable range with good performance in all climate conditions. The next generation of hybrid supercapacitor-battery cell technology will be integrated into the vehicle. Multi-Moby will also address the optimisation of charging at low voltages, studying and promoting products capable of operating at 200V-250 V (rather than 500 V). This could also allow smaller electrical connectors more suitable for urban EVs.
The use of SiC MOSFET components to improve power conversion performance or implement system innovation is nowadays a popular scenario for many system designers. In fast DC EV charging, 1200 V SiC MOSFET technology enables shortened charging times. Compared to a silicon-based solution, output power can be doubled even with the same footprint thanks to reduced part count and 50% loss reduction, thereby also cutting charging time in half.
The final plan in Multi-Moby is to introduce robot food and medical delivery vehicles to the market one year after the completion of Multi-Moby. The gimbals for autonomous driving is expected to give a technological and price advantage that will facilitate the uptake of affordable self-driving system kits, expected to be available by 2025 at 5000€ or below. This will enable Multi-Moby to address the growing need of a reliable, affordable sensing and high-speed computational on-board platforms, to improve flexibility and optimisation of manufacturing processes and to present multi-purpose vehicles at an affordable cost.