Exploitable results
'Particle image velocimetry' (PIV) is a unique optical non intrusive experimental method to capture whole velocity fields in flows, in a very short time. PIV is especially suited to help the design of modern aircraft by improving consequently the performance of industrial wind tunnels. PIV provides much more quantitative information in much less time than any other experimental technique, giving a deeper insight in the flow physics and saving large amounts of wind tunnel costs. The EU funded Pivnet 2 thematic network cooperation, subtitled with 'A European collaboration on development, quality assessment, and standardization of PIV for industrial applications', has played an important role in the transfer of the PIV technique to industry. Together with Pivnet 1 the network's duration covers a total run time of nearly 10 years during which significant progress on PIV and its applicability was made. The success of this network is due to information exchange, scientific cooperation and synergy effects between the network partners and beyond, stimulated by a multitude of dedicated workshops and actual presentations of PIV in the partner's respective facilities.
Addressing more realistic and more complex applications of current industrial interest in aerodynamics or in other areas where multi-disciplinary approaches have to be undertaken, such as for icing problems, decay of wake vortex structures behind aircraft, car industry, turbomachinery, combustion etc., new problems have to be studied: large observation fields, high speed recording, two phase flows with particles of different size, reflections from walls, limited optical access, background illumination in flames, etc. To solve these problems again requires considerable effort of man power and investment. Not all possible solutions can be followed by each R&D team and each company. For industrial end users it is thus very important to be able to compare and assess solutions developed elsewhere in universities and research centres for their own application. It is very important for European industry to obtain such information as quickly as possible in order to be competitive on the world market. This is the reason why the leading European teams in the field of PIV together with end users representative for different industrial applications as well as for geographical distribution in Europe have formed the Pivnet 2 membership to combine their efforts and knowledge to strengthen a very successful networking activity.
Instead of a final report for the EC funded project Pivnet 2, a book of scientific papers from all partners reflecting the development of PIV and the variety of applications in many different fields of research (PIV, aerodynamics, combustion, fluid dynamics, turbo machinery etc.) has been composed. This book from Springer Verlag has been published in the series 'Topics in Applied Physics' with the number 112 (ISSN print edition: 0303-4216 ISSN electronic edition: 1437-0859 ISBN 978-3-540-73527-4).
Part of the Preface:
'The PIV technique is widely spread and differentiated into many distinct applications ranging from micro flows to combustion to supersonic flows, for both industrial needs and research. Based on a relatively simple principle PIV has evolved to a highly versatile flow diagnostics tool and has found realization in many sophisticated technical adaptations. The measurement technique along with the associated hard- and software have improved continuously such that PIV has matured to become a reliable and accurate method for 'real life' investigations. The partners of the network have made essential contributions in opening new possibilities for PIV in measurements, scientific research and technology. Nevertheless there is still an ongoing process of improvement and extension of the PIV technique towards time resolution, volume-resolved measurements, measurements at micro- and macro-scales, increased accuracy, self-optimizing processing, combinatory measurements with other diagnostics techniques as well as measurements under harsh conditions.
The present book provides a survey of PIV techniques in a variety of application areas corresponding to the workshops organized within Pivnet 2. On this basis outstanding researchers provided a full paper about their specific development, application and/or adaptation of the PIV technique to an experimental investigation within a certain topic of research. In addition, overview articles on the main application topics have been compiled by the workshop organizers or prominent scientists in the respective fields.'
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