Objectif
Luminescence
- Establishment of a basic experimental framework for the application of luminescence methods to accident dosimetry within Europe which can serve as the basis for further development in specific areas of need.
- Investigation of the potential of the method in populated regions of Balarus and Ukraine which were contaminated by the Chernobyl accident. Surveys of settlements within these areas and the identification of potentially suitable samples for dose evaluations.
- Development of the method to a level where its use to provide benchmark dose evaluations for modelling calculations can be explored.
- Exploitation of the most recent advances in technique and the introduction of the use of optically stimulated luminescence and photo-transferred TL.
- Identification of dose-depth as an important adjunct to 'single' depth measurements and the introduction of new measurement techniques to enable surface scanning of cut ceramic samples.
- The investigation of the potential of a wide range of samples which are found in populated areas, including ceramic and other natural materials. The development of the use of porcelain for dose evaluations, particularly for well shielded interior locations.
- Detailed investigations of the luminescent properties of quartz and feldspar.
EPR of teeth
- Evaluation of dose levels of ca 100 mGy.
- Significant reduction in the background EPR signal associated with the presence of the organic component in teeth by the use of chemical treatments and by signal analysis.
- Identification of mechanical grinding of tooth enamel during preparation and after uv exposure as a source of potential background signal.
- A dose evaluation has been made using tooth enamel from an individual involved in the Kiisa incident.
AMS measurements of chlorine-36 and calcium-41
Depth profiles of the radionuclides chlorine-36, calcium-41, cobalt-60, europium-152 and europium-154 have been measured with AMS and gamma spectroscopy in a granite stone 106 m from the hypocenter of the Hiroshima A-bomb.
- For the first time the calcium-41 bomb peak has been measured in alpine glacier ice.
- It has been found that chlorine is gaseous in the stratosphere and that its fall-out to the earth is delayed by one year compared to the aerosol attached strontium-90.
THE PROJECT AIMS TO MAKE A NOVEL CONTRIBUTION TO THE RESEARCH TOPIC HUMAN EXPOSURE TO RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY WITHIN THE NUCLEAR FISSION SAFETY PROGRAMME BY OFFERING A NEW APPROACH TO THE RETROSPECTIVE MEASUREMENT 0F RADIATION DOSE TO HUMANS IN POPULATED AREAS WHO HAVE SUFFERED EXP0SURE FOLLOWING AN ACCIDENT- SOLID-STATE DOSIMETRY TECHNIQUES WILL BE USED TO DETERMINE THE EXTERNAL GAMMA DOSE DELIVERED TO CERAMIC MATERIALS SUCH AS BRICK, TILE AND PORCELAIN WHICH FREQUENTLY FORM PART 0F THE FABRIC AND FIXTURES OF BUILDINGS AND HOUSEHOLD CERAMICS. THE PROJECT WILL CONCENTRATE 0N THE USE OF LUMINESCENCE TECHNIQUES COMPRISING PRIMARILY THERMOLUMINESCENCE, BUT ALSO INCLUDING THE NEW TECHNIQUE OF OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE AND ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE. THE TECHNIQUES DEPLOYED WILL PROVIDE KNOWLEDGE OF GAMMA DOSE DELIVERED IN AREAS 0F FALL-OUT WHICH ARE NOT ADEQUATELY MODELLED USING CURRENTLY AVAILABLE METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL DOSIMETRY AND WILL ALSO PR0vE USEFUL FOR VERIFICATION WHERE THE MODELLING Is CONSIDERED TO BE ACCURATE. DOMESTIC AND BUILDING CERAMIC MATERIALS 0F THE TYPE MENTIONED USUALLY CONTAIN MINERALS WHICH HAVE LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES, THUS PROVIDING NATURAL DOSEMETERS OF POTENTIALLY WIDESPREAD APPLICATION IN EUROPE. MOREOVER, SUCH MINERALS POSSESS LONG-TERM STABILITY, PROVIDING A RECORD OF CUMULATIVE DOSE WHICH MAY BE EVALUATED YEARS AFTER THE ACCIDENT. THE TECHNIQUE THUS OFFERS THE POTENTIAL FOR DOSE RECONSTRUCTION WITHOUT ADVANCED PLANNING WHICH IS UNPARALLELED BY ANY OTHER APPROACH. THE USE OF NATURALLY OCCURINGg DOSIMETRY MATERIALS PR0VIDES A UNIQUE ADVANTAGE OVER TRADITIONAL METHODS BY ALLOWING DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF CUMULATIVE GAMMA-RAY DOSE BOTH INSIDE AND OUTSIDE 0F HOMES, FACTORIES AND SCHOOLS. TRADITIONAL METHODS WHICH RELY ON MEASUREMENT 0F SURFACE DEPOSITION OR SOIL PROFILES OF RADIONUCLIDES INVOLVE NUMEROUS ASSUMPTIONS CONCERNING INITIAL DEPOSITION, WEATHERING ETC. TO DERIVE ESTIMATES 0F DOSES WITRHIN BUILDING USING THOSE METHODS SHIELDING FACTORS Must BE ESTABLISHED WHICH TAKE INTO ACCOUNT BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AS WELL AS TEMPORAL CHANGES IN THE GAMMA-RAY ENERGIES RESULTING FROM NATURAL DECAY AS WELL AS WEATHERING BY WIND, RAIN AND CLEANUP.
THE SUITABILITY oF NATURAL MATERIALS FOR DOSIMETRY OTHER THAN CERAMICS WILL ALSO BE EXPLORED IN THIS STUDY.
Champ scientifique (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classe les projets avec EuroSciVoc, une taxonomie multilingue des domaines scientifiques, grâce à un processus semi-automatique basé sur des techniques TLN.
CORDIS classe les projets avec EuroSciVoc, une taxonomie multilingue des domaines scientifiques, grâce à un processus semi-automatique basé sur des techniques TLN.
- sciences naturellessciences physiquesphysique nucléairefission nucléaire
- sciences naturellessciences de la Terre et sciences connexes de l'environnementsciences de l'atmosphère
- sciences naturellessciences chimiqueschimie inorganiquehalogène
- sciences naturellessciences chimiqueschimie nucléairechimie du rayonnement
- sciences naturellessciences physiquesoptiquespectroscopie
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DH1 3LE Durham
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