Description du projet
De nouveaux modèles plus précis sur la manière dont le carbone influence le changement climatique
La rétroaction du changement climatique est importante pour comprendre le réchauffement climatique à l’échelle mondiale, car les processus de rétroaction peuvent amplifier ou diminuer les effets du forçage climatique. Par conséquent, elle joue un rôle important dans la détermination de la sensibilité climatique et du futur état climatique. Le projet CCiCC, financé par l’UE, vise à réduire l’incertitude dans la compréhension quantitative des interactions et rétroactions entre le carbone et le climat. Les scientifiques quantifieront les processus clés qui régulent le système associant carbone et climat, et utiliseront les contraintes observationnelles pour fournir des prévisions à long terme du climat en réponse à des émissions anthropiques. Le projet élaborera également des recommandations politiques sur les voies à suivre concernant les émissions de dioxyde de carbone. Les analyses et les données de CCiCC permettront aux experts de mieux évaluer la manière dont les émissions de dioxyde de carbone influencent le changement climatique.
Objectif
4C addresses the crucial knowledge gap in the climate sensitivity to carbon dioxide emissions, by reducing uncertainty in our quantitative understanding of carbon-climate interactions and feedbacks. This will be achieved through innovative integration of models and observations, providing new constraints on modelled carbon-climate interactions and climate projections, and supporting IPCC assessments and policy objectives. To meet this objective, 4C will (a) provide a step change in our ability to quantify the key processes regulating the coupled carbon-climate system, (b) use observational constraints and improved processes understanding to provide multi-model near-term predictions and long-term projections of the climate in response to anthropogenic emissions, and (c) deliver policy-relevant carbon dioxide emission pathways consistent with the UNFCCC Paris Agreement (PA) goals.
To achieve its goals, 4C will develop and use: state-of-the-art Earth System Models (ESMs) including biogeochemical processes not included in previous IPCC reports; novel observations to constrain the contemporary carbon cycle and its natural variability; ESM-based decadal predictions including carbon-climate feedbacks and novel initialisation methods; novel emergent constraints and weighting methods to reduce uncertainty in carbon cycle and climate projections; and novel climate scenarios following adaptive CO2 emission pathways.
4C will support two central elements of the PA. First, the PA global stocktakes, by providing policy-relevant predictions of atmospheric CO2 and climate in response to the national determined contributions. Second, the PA ambitions to keep global warming well below 2°C, by providing robust estimates of the remaining carbon budgets and available pathways. 4C will bring together leading European groups on climate modelling and on carbon cycle research, uniquely securing Europe’s leadership in actionable science needed for the IPCC assessments.
Champ scientifique
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RIA - Research and Innovation actionCoordinateur
EX4 4QJ Exeter
Royaume-Uni