Removing the waste streams from the primary Aluminium production and other metal sectors in Europe

Project Information

RemovAL

Grant agreement ID: 776469

DOI 10.3030/776469

Project closed

EC signature date 20 April 2018

Start date 1 May 2018

End date 30 April 2023

Funded under

• SOCIETAL CHALLENGES - Climate action, Environment, Resource Efficiency and Raw Materials

Total cost € 14 671 596,91

EU contribution € 11 481 599,12

Coordinated by

METLEN ENERGY & METALS AE
Greece

Deliverables

Documents, reports (22)

LCA and exergy analysis report on RemovAl demonstrated technologies

LCA and exergy analysis report on RemovAl demonstrated technologies

RemovAL communication activities

This publishable report details all project communication activities as well as their documented impact news publications and others In its final release it will include the BR valorization technology handbook Intermediate Reports by M12 M24 M36

Optimization of BR microwave roasting and prototype furnace design

This report describes the results on lab scale microwave processing of BR and the designs of the Microwave rotary kiln furnace prototype at least one publication or conference presentation and one patent application is expected from this work Intermediate report by M18

Laboratory optimization of high strength inorganic binder

This report will include the results of the testing this technology with different BR at lab scale at least one publication or conference presentation is expected from this workIntermediate Report by M18

New BR building products portfolio

This report details the different applications and their properties Details on their economic potential are provided

Report about the industry recommendations to enable the implementation of most optimal treatment solutions
Demonstration of BR microwave roasting in prototype furnace

This report will detail the results of testing the prototype microwave furnace for BR roasting as well as the optimum magnetic separation used to produce an iron concentrate This report will also include a technoeconomic analysis of the demonstrated process

Demonstration of BR smelting in EAF pilot plant

This report will describe the result of the AoG pilot BRSPL smelting demonstration for Sirich pig iron production as well as it evaluation in ELKEM FeSi production This report will also include a technoeconomic analysis of the demonstrated process

Slag from bauxite residues as alternative cementitious material

Summary of test results on composition properties and performance of slag and composite slag cements performance in different application conditions impact on durability of concrete structures inputs for standardization

Demonstration validation

This deliverable will include the installation monitoring and evaluation of soil stabilizer in the demonstratorIntermediate report by M30 installation

Optimization of BR slag leaching flowsheets

This report presents the viable leaching flowsheets optimised for different BR slagsAt least two publications or conference presentations are expected from this workIntermediate report by M18

Definition of Slag properties for stone wool productionne wool production

The definition includes the required range wt of main components a negative list not accepted by ROCKWOOL and a specification of required physical properties eg grain size

Feasibility of valorization of slag obtained from bauxite residues

Evaluation of production of alternative slag from bauxite residues optimum composition and production process performance in cementitious mixes and potential use in construction products

RemovAL global feasibility study

This public deliverable provide a generic feasibility study for the various technologies demonstrated in RemovAL

High Strength Inorganic Binder production

This report will include the results of the testing this technology with different BR at lab scale at least one publication or conference presentation is expected from this workIntermediate report by M18

Pilot plant demonstration of CRM and metal value recovery from BR slags

This report will present the results of the pilot plant demonstrations in AoG RWTH and MEAB for CRM and Ti Al and Na recovery including leaching and purification steps This report will also include a technoeconomic analysis of the demonstrated process

Laboratory optimization of BR EAF smelting

This report describes the results of lab scale smelting of pig iron and FeSi including innovations achieved in material pretreatment at least 3 publications or conference presentations are expected from this workIntermediate report by M18

Ga/REE recovery from leachates and Bayer liquor

This report presents the optimum technological route for CRM recovery from leachates and Bayer liquorAt least one publication or conference presentation and one patent application are expected from this workIntermediate report by M18

Slag from bauxite residue in stone wool production.

Report on the demonstration of use of BR slag in ROCKWOOL factory and respective business case

Environmental and social impact assessment of RemovAl demonstrated technologies
Laboratory tests on alkali recovery and red mud de-alkalization for different BR

This report will include the results of the testing of different BR at lab scale at least one publication or conference presentation is expected from this work

RemovAl's Technologies flowsheet

This reports details the various processing routes based on the validated flowsheet models generated in task 12 Intermediate report by M12

Demonstrators, pilots, prototypes (1)

"""Green Red House"" made solely of materials produced in RemovAL"

As detailed in task 7.4 a demonstration house is built in “Aspra Spitia” from the new BR construction products.

Other (2)

RemovAL Project Identity, including website and logo

Launching of site and maintenance First site version and logo delivered by M3

Cross-Fertilization Workshop

Cross-Fertilization Workshop(s) will be organized in order to align the RemovAL technological solution to new research findings through other projects and to define the starting point for further innovation after project ending. Intermediate deliverables M12,M24,M36

Open Research Data Pilot (1)

Data Management Plan

Data Management Plan DMP The first version of the DMP will be provided at M4 of the project Since DMPs are expected to mature during the project a more developed version of the plan will be included as additional deliverable at M30 This new version will include improvements based on lessons learned during the first half of the project

Publications

Conference proceedings (27)

Attendance to 17th International Conference on Chemistry and the EnvironmentThe event promotes cooperation on chemistry and environment issues between the European chemical societies and their members. It addresses scientists in academia, industry, and in governmental institutions and intends to provide an information and communication platform for environmental scientists.

Author(s): FHNW (REMOVAL Partner)
Published in: 17th International Conference on Chemistry and the Environment, 2019
Publisher: 17th International Conference on Chemistry and the Environment

Life Cycle Assessment of construction materials from Bauxite Residue

Author(s): Johan Berg-Pettersen (NTNU)
Published in: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, Issue September 30, 2020, 2020
Publisher: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

Alkaline alumina recovery from bauxite residue slags

Author(s): Michail Vafeias, Maria Bagani, Buhle Xakalashe, Efthymios Balomenos, Dimitrios Panias, Bernd Friedrich
Published in: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, Issue 29th September 2020, 2020
Publisher: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

"""Bauxite residue slag leaching for Al, Ti and Sc recovery"

Author(s): Davris, P. Gelestathi, N. Balomenos, E. Panias, D. Paspaliaris, I.
Published in: 2nd International Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, 2018, ISBN 9789082825923
Publisher: Proceedings of the 2nd International Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

Innovations in BR pretreatment

Author(s): Stephen Leite, , Christe Nimbona, Kjell Blanhol 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference
Published in: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, Issue 29th September 2020, 2020
Publisher: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

REMOVAL Presentation

Author(s): Rocco Lagioia (ITRB)
Published in: 2019
Publisher: The Finnish Innovation fund SITRA

Leaching behavior- Comparison of four different Bauxite Residues in three different leaching systems

Author(s): Anastasia Pilichou, Eleni Mikeli, Dimitrios Kotsanis, Alexandra Alexandri, Efthymios Balomenos, Dimitrios Panias.
Published in: 3rd International Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, Issue 1st October 2020, 2020
Publisher: 3rd International Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

Turning bauxite residue into resources within a moving EU policy context

Author(s): Christian Leroy
Published in: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, Issue 30th september 2020, 2020
Publisher: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

NTENSIVE USE OF BAUXITE RESIDUE AS GRANULAR MATERIAL FOR HYDRAULICALLY BOUND ROAD MIXTURES FOR SUBBASE LAYERS CONSTRUCTION

Author(s): C. Martín-Portugués Montoliu (ACCIONA) ,J.J Cepria Pamplona (ACCIONA), C. J. Englesen (SINTEF), A. Casas Ocampo (ACCIONA)3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference
Published in: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, Issue 29th September 2020, 2020
Publisher: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

Transforming bauxite residue into high performance Inorganic Polymers: a feasible solution for all european refineries?

Author(s): Michel Giels, Tobias Hertel, Platon N. Gamaletsos, Yiannis Pontikes
Published in: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conferen, Issue 29th September 2020, 2020
Publisher: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conferen

Attendance to Project MIREU SLO WorkshopSLO Presentation

Author(s): Rocco Lagioia / Efthimios Balomenos
Published in: SLO Workshop for MIREU Project, 2019
Publisher: MIREU Project

Removal Project

Author(s): T.Balomenos, C.Dalla
Published in: 2018
Publisher: H2020 Innovation Forum

Removal Project Overview

Author(s): T. Balomenos, C.Dalla
Published in: 2018
Publisher: Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

Removal Project Presentation

Author(s): T. Balomenos, C.Dalla
Published in: 2018
Publisher: European Aluminium Environment Workshop

Removal Approach to Bauxite Residue Valorization

Author(s): U.Miretti, C.vanderEijk,
Published in: 2019
Publisher: Indo-European Meet on Resource Efficiency in the Aluminium Industry with a Focus on Effective Utilization of Red Mud

A near zero waste valorization vision for bauxite residue through experimental results

Author(s): Srecko Stopic, Christian Dertmann, Buhle Wakalashe, Gözde Alkan, Bengi Yagmurlu, Hugo Lucas, Bernd Friedrich
Published in: Proceeding of Abstracts, 2019, Page(s) 120-125
Publisher: XXI YuCorr Conference

Bauxite residue slag leaching for Al, Ti and Sc recovery

Author(s): Davris, P., Gelestathi N., Balomenos, E., Panias, D. and Paspaliaris, I.
Published in: Proceedings of the 2nd International Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, 2018, Page(s) 361-366, ISBN 9789-082825923
Publisher: 2nd International Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

Alkali-activation of vitrified bauxite residue: the effect of MgO

Author(s): Michiel GIELS, Tobias HERTEL, Yiannis PONTIKES
Published in: Proceedings of the 6th international Slag Valorisation Symposium, 2019, Page(s) 415 - 418
Publisher: Procopia

Bauxite Residue Handling Practice and Valorisation Research in Aluminium of Greece

Author(s): Balomenos, E., Davris D., Ponitkes Y. , Delipaltas A
Published in: Proceedings of the 2nd International Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, 2018, Page(s) 29-38, ISBN 9789-082825923
Publisher: 2nd International Bauxite Residue Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

The RemovAL case study: How boosting further the use of bauxite residue”

Author(s): Efthimios Balomenos
Published in: REMOVAL Stakeholders Workshop. Cross-Fertilization workshop “Towards an EU regulatory framework boosting use of slags and residues of the metal sector”, 2019
Publisher: European Aluminium

Comparison of Lime and Carbon Dioxide Methods of Bauxite Residue Neutralization 

Author(s): Alexander Suss, Аlexander Damaskin, Аndrey Panov, Martin Fennell, Sarah Foley
Published in: ICSOBA 2020, Issue 16th November 2020, 2020
Publisher: ICSOBA

Silicon Rich Iron Alloy from Bauxite Residue

Author(s): Halvor Dalaker; Casper van der Eijk
Published in: Light Metals 2021 (TMS2021), Issue 2021, 2021, Page(s) 46-51, ISBN 978-3-030-65396-5
Publisher: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65396-5_8

Extraction behavior of REEs compared on four different Bauxite Residues

Author(s): Anastasia Pilichou,Eleni Mikeli, Dimitrios Kotsanis, Alexandra Alexandri, Efthymios Balomenos, Dimitrios Panias.
Published in: ERES 2020 3rd Conference on European rare Earth Resources, Issue 6th October 2020, 2020
Publisher: ERES 2020 3rd Conference on European rare Earth Resources

Recovery of Scandium from bauxite residue via solvent extraction

Author(s): Bengi Yagmurlu, Bengi Yagmurlu, Carsten Dittrich, Panagiotis Davris, Efthymios Balomenos, Anastasia Pilichou, Dimitrios Panias, Bernd Friedrich.
Published in: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference, Issue 29th September 2020, 2020
Publisher: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conference

BAM Workshop on secondary raw materials/ urban mining data management in close connection with a scientific exchange platform for stake holders of the European scandium inventory.

Author(s): German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
Published in: BAM Workshop, 2018
Publisher: BAM

Social Acceptance in The European Raw Materials Sector

Author(s): Rocco Lagioia, Efthimios Balomenos
Published in: SLO Workshop from EASME, 2018
Publisher: NTUA / ITRB

“High silicon iron alloy from Bauxite Residue

Author(s): Halvor Dalaker
Published in: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conferenc, Issue 29th September 2020, 2020
Publisher: 3rd International Bauxite Residu Valorisation and Best Practices Conferenc

Other (11)

Circular Economy Course

Author(s): Rocco Lagioia
Published in: Issue 23/05/2018, 2018
Publisher: ITRB

Attendance to EEA Inovation Workshop.The agenda covered general presentations from SPIRE (sustainable process industry) and “Factories of the Future” public-private partnerships focusing on the current and upcoming European funding Programmes. Later parallel sessions on Circular Economy and Digitalization took place

Author(s): Several Consortium members attended to the Event
Published in: EEA Innovation Workshop, 2018
Publisher: EEA

Attendance to ECOMONDO 2018

Author(s): Italian Exhibition Group
Published in: ECOMONDO Forum, 2018
Publisher: Italian Exhibition Group

Attendance to the Indo- European Meet on Bauxite Residue /Red Mud

Author(s): Ugo Miretti (ITRB)
Published in: Indo- European Meet on Bauxite Residue /Red Mud, 2019
Publisher: Indo- European Meet on Bauxite Residue /Red Mud

Red mud becomes a green Raw Material

Author(s): Y. Pontikes
Published in: Stories KULeuven, Issue 21st January 2021, 2021
Publisher: KULeuven

Attendance to Raw Material Week 2018

Author(s): EASME / DG Growth
Published in: Raw Material Week Conference, 2018
Publisher: EASME / DG Growth

Attendance to the Innovation Forum. H2020 Innovation Forum is an on-going clustering initiative, bringing together H2020 projects with policy makers, end-users, industry representatives, investors, start-ups and SMEs

Author(s): NTUA / ITRB
Published in: Innovation FORUM 2018, 2018
Publisher: ITRB

Attendance to MINEA 2019 ConferenceRecovery of Secondary Raw Materials from Mining Residues and Waste, case studies and best practices.

Author(s): COST
Published in: MINEA Conference, 2019
Publisher: MINEA

Removal Project Video

Author(s): T.Balomenos, C.vanderEijk, C.Dalla
Published in: 2019
Publisher: PDAC

Removal Project Poster

Author(s): R.Lagioia, U.Miretti
Published in: 2018
Publisher: EASME at Ecomondo Conference

Removal Project Digital Poster

Author(s): C.Dalla, U.Miretti,R.Lagioia
Published in: 2019
Publisher: DG GROW Raw Material Week 2019

Peer reviewed articles (2)

A Combined Soda Sintering and Microwave Reductive Roasting Process of Bauxite Residue for Iron Recovery

Author(s): Chiara Cardenia, Efthymios Balomenos, Pritii Wai Yin Tam, Dimitrios Panias
Published in: Minerals, Issue 11/2, 2021, Page(s) 222, ISSN 2075-163X
Publisher: MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/min11020222

Recovery of Iron and Aluminum from Bauxite Residue by Carbothermic Reduction and Slag Leaching

Author(s): K. E. Ekstroem; A. Voll Bugten; C. van der Eijk; Adamantia Lazou; Efthymios Balomenos; Gabriella Tranell
Published in: Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, Issue 7, 2021, Page(s) 1314-1326, ISSN 2199-3831
Publisher: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1007/s40831-021-00422-7

Book chapters (2)

"Recovery of critical and other raw materials from mining waste and landfills;""Bauxite Residue as Resource in Europe"";"

Author(s): Efthimios Balomenos
Published in: Bauxite Residue as resource in Europe, 2019, ISBN 978-92-76-08568-3
Publisher: Publication Office of the EU.
DOI: 10.2760/600775

Recovery of critical and other raw materials from mining waste and landfills: State of play on existing practices (Chapter 7.4 Bauxite Residue as a resource in Europe)

Author(s): Balomenos Efthymios
Published in: Recovery of critical and other raw materials from mining waste and landfills, 2019, Page(s) 85-90, ISBN 978-92-76-08568-3
Publisher: Publications Office of the European Union