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Photon Management for Solar Energy Harvesting with Hybrid Excitonics

Periodic Reporting for period 4 - SOLARX (Photon Management for Solar Energy Harvesting with Hybrid Excitonics)

Reporting period: 2022-10-01 to 2023-09-30

SolarX explored transport and photophyscica properties in a variety of organic semiconductors, 2D materials and layered materials for application in energy materials devices, including to photovoltaics and batteries.
Energy Materials are at the heart of the worlds's transition to a more sustainable energy economy.
SolarX set out to better understand how energy, charges and ions are transported in these materials. This understand is crucial to the development of better photovoltaics, batteries and excitonic devices such as light emitting diodes and laser.
The aims of the project where to establish new mechanistic insights into transport processes in these materials, that could enable a new generation of higher performance devices, thus accelerating the worlds shift to renewable energy.
In order to do this SolarX has developed new tools that have opened previously inaccessible time and lenghts scales to physical examination. In doing so that project has delivered new insights into transport process and developed new classes of materials.
These include, but are not limited to
1) we have we have developed a range of new methods including ultrafast spectroscopy and microscopy experiments that have delivered ground breaking insights into these materials systems.
2) We have developed a new class of materials Orgnaic-Lanthanide Doped Nanoparticles (Ln-NP) based on spin-exchange coupling.
3) We have developed new design rules for molecular semiconductors.
The project has been very productive and made several breakthroughs, as highlighted below
1. Methodology Development: During the project we have developed a range of new methods including ultrafast spectroscopy and microscopy experiments which will underlie work in a number of objectives. The Femtosecond Transient Absorption Imaging (fs-TAM) (Detailed in the original proposal) continues to be a unique and world leading experiment providing a wealth of data across all the project objectives. Key papers in the project include - Nature Physics 2019 (Sung et al.), Nature Communications 2021 (Bretscher et al), Science Advances 2021 (Bretscher et al), Science Advances 2021 (Sneyd et al), Nature Communications 2021 (Pandya et al), Nature Materials 2022 (Zhang et al), Nature Communications 2022 (Ashoka et al). The success of this experiment has also allowed us to develop a new methodology to study ion transport in layered materials (related to Objective 3), which provides a revolutionary new capability - Nature 2021 (Merryweather et al), Nature Materials 2022 (Merryweather et al), Joule 2022 (Xu et al). This new methodology has also attracted an ERC Proof of Concept award for further development.

2. We have studied molecular semiconductors and establishing new design rules for the same, especially the process of singlet fission and triplet diffusion. Several key papers published including.
1. Pandya et al, CHEM, (2020), Full Text.
2. Sneyd et al, Science Advances, 2021, Full Text.
3. Pandya et al, Nature Communications, 2021, Full Text.4. Fallon et al, JACS, 2022, Full Text
5. Ashoka et al, Nature Communications, 2022, Full Text.
6. Ghosh et al, Nature, 2024, DOI:10.1038/s41586-024-07246-x

3. We have developed a new class of materials Orgnaic-Lanthanide Doped Nanoparticles (Ln-NP) based on spin-exchange coupling. Key papers include:
1. Han et al, Nature, 587, 594–599, (2020), Full Text.
2. Han et al, Nature Communications, (2021), 12, 3704, Full Text.

4. We have developed a new methodology to study ion transport in layered materials (Merryweather et al Nature 2021), which provides a revolutionary new capability and attracted an ERC Proof of Concept award for further development. Key papers include
1. Tanoh et al., Nano Letters, 19,9, 6299-6307, (2019). Full Text.
2. Tanoh et al., Nanoscale Advances, (2021), Full Text
3. Tanoh et al., ACS Nano, (2020), Full Text.
4. Bretscher et al, ACS Nano,15, 5, 8780–8789 (2021), Full Text.
5. Bretscher et al, Nature Communications, 12, Article number: 1699 (2021), Full
Text
6. Bretscher et al, Science Advances, (2021), Full Text
7. Merryweather et al., Nature, 594, 522–528, (2021), Full Text
8. Merryweather et al, Nature Materials, 2022, Full Text.
9. Xu et al, Joule, 2022, DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2022.09.008 Full Text.

5. We have brought new insights into the LSC, with a recently published paper in JOULE in this area.
1. Baike et al PRX Energy, 2022, Full Text.
2. Baike et al JOULE, 2024, Full Text
The project has been very productive and made several breakthroughs, as highlighted below
1. Methodology Development: We have developed Femtosecond Transient Absorption Imaging (fs-TAM), which provides the best spatio-temporal data for any optical techique in the world.
2 We have develoed a new methodology to study ion transport in layered materials, which provides a revolutionary new capability - Nature 2021 (Merryweather et al), Nature Materials 2022 (Merryweather et al), Joule 2022 (Xu et al). This new methodology has also attracted an ERC Proof of Concept award for further development.

3. We have studied molecular semiconductors and establishing new design rules for the same, especially the process of singlet fission and triplet diffusion.

4. We have developed a new class of materials Orgnaic-Lanthanide Doped Nanoparticles (Ln-NP) based on spin-exchange coupling.

5. We have brought new insights into the area of LSCs.
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