Descripción del proyecto
Investigar la complicidad en las violaciones de los derechos humanos
La justicia transicional se refiere a una serie de procesos y mecanismos diseñados para garantizar la rendición de cuentas, impartir justicia y fomentar la reconciliación de las víctimas afectadas por viejos conflictos y abusos. Sin embargo, existe una compleja situación conocida como «zona gris», que afecta a individuos que fueron testigos, colaboradores o beneficiarios de la violencia, pero que consiguieron eludir la investigación por parte de las instituciones de la justicia transicional. En el proyecto GREYZONE, financiado por el Consejo Europeo de Investigación, se estudiará la zona gris y se analizarán las consecuencias políticas derivadas de no tener en cuenta la complicidad en la violencia a mayor escala. El proyecto se centrará en 4 casos distintos: el autoritarismo y la ocupación militar durante el régimen de Vichy en Francia, el «apartheid» en Sudáfrica, el totalitarismo en Rumanía de 1945 a 1989 y la dictadura militar en Argentina de 1976 a 1983.
Objetivo
The grey zone of bystanders, collaborators and beneficiaries of violence escapes the scope of main Transitional Justice (TJ) institutions and poses tough questions for scholars and architects of post-conflict societies. This interdisciplinary project shifts the focus of academic and political debates by pursuing three objectives: conceptually, it departs from the dominant victim-perpetrator paradigm and theorises the many faces in the grey zone by analysing the interplay between structure and agency; normatively, it argues that no account of TJ is complete without engaging the grey zone; empirically, it tests if, in tackling the grey zone, cinematographic and literary representations can supplement typical TJ mechanisms (trials, truth commissions, lustration). Four cases are analysed: authoritarianism plus military occupation (Vichy France), apartheid (South Africa), totalitarianism (Romania 1945–1989) and military dictatorship (Argentina 1976–1983). The cases provide a variety of contexts of complicity and feature the most frequently used TJ mechanisms. They serve to a) examine the relationship between the official story emerging from state-orchestrated TJ mechanisms and artistic narratives of complicity; b) contextually distinguish disclosive from obscuring artistic representations of the grey zone; c) explore the contribution of these representations to TJ efforts by studying their effect on public debates about—and institutional responses to—the past. Working at the frontiers between political science, philosophy, history, law, literature and cinema, this pioneering project has critical and institutional impact. Critically, it discloses the limits of current TJ theory and practice by emphasising the negative political effects of ignoring general complicity in violence. Institutionally, it seeks to enrich the toolkit of scholars and practitioners by pointing to the potential use of cinema and literature in civic education aimed at deterrence and reconciliation.
Ámbito científico
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitución de acogida
EH8 9YL Edinburgh
Reino Unido